Light Meters

Light meters are found inside your camera. Older meters are usually "center-weighted", meaning they read the amount of light within the center of the frame. Newer cameras usually offer more complex meters, allowing them to read the amount of light from many places within the frame. There is usually a box or circle in the viewfinder that designates the metering area. As the light changes within your metering area, your camera will give you some kind of indication of that change.
Meters are very simple tools. They cannot see color. Meters only read tonality, the darkness or lightness of an image. The meter looks at the light in the viewfinder and recommends an exposure by comparing the light pattern and quality with some kind of reference. Meters read the amount of light in and average it. The meter looks at the brightest spots and the darkest spots and says, "Let's be safe and put it in the middle.
This is fine, if you are after "average" toned images. Photographing dark black rocks, instead of getting black rocks, you would get gray rocks, as the meter would average the light to capture gray rocks. Photographing white snow, your film would come back as gray. The meter can't think "Oh, this is snow, so make it white." It can only "average". Understanding how the meter works is very important when photographing extreme or unusual lighting conditions. Let's explore it just a bit further.
There are four variables which can affect your camera's meter: the aperture on the lens, the shutter speed, the quantity of light available at the time you take your picture, and the brightness or tonality of your subject. Your camera already knows the aperture and shutter speed because you either set these manually, or you let the camera choose them. That leaves the quantity of light and the tonality of your subject - and your camera meter has no way to tell the difference between the two. If the sun goes behind a cloud, the quantity of light decreases, and your meter will register that change. In the same way, point your camera at a light colored rock, then point it at a dark rock, and the meter will tell you that the exposure has changed, even though the light has not.
Camera designers had to make a choice. What they chose was to calibrate the meter to accurately expose "middle-toned" subjects, those subjects neither light nor dark, but somewhere in between. The reference point they chose was 18 percent, roughly three stops brighter than black and three stops darker than white. A subject that reflects 18 percent of the light that strikes it is called a middle-toned subject. Probably the hardest technical problem photographers have to overcome is learning how to use their meter to make a properly exposed photograph. Since your camera's meter is calibrated to properly expose middle-toned subjects, it stands to reason that any subject that is not middle-toned will not be properly exposed. Here is the catch: Your meter does not tell you how to make a properly exposed photograph. It tells you how to make the thing you are metering come out middle-toned. If your subject is middle-toned in real life, then your exposure will be perfect. But unless we override our camera's meter, dark subjects and light subjects will also come out middle-toned. And that's not right.

Going Against the Meter
So how do we fix the problem? If we meter a light subject, like a snow-covered field, we know what the meter is going to do. It’s going to make the snow look middle-toned, or gray. We don't want gray snow, so we have to manually compensate by adding back in the light that the meter has told the camera to remove. We add extra light to the exposure of lightcolored subjects to make them appear normal in the photograph. And we do this by either opening the aperture or by slowing the shutter speed from the value that our meter tells us.
In the same way, suppose we are photographing a dark subject like wet tree bark or a dark rock. Our meter is going to try to make the bark look middle-toned. It tries to make everything we point it at look middle-toned. So we have to manually compensate by taking away the extra light that the meter has told the camera to add. We remove light (or add darkness) from the exposure of dark-colored subjects to make them appear normal in the photograph. And we do this by either closing down the aperture or by increasing the shutter speed from the value that our meter tells us.
Let's go over that again. Meter your subject. Compensate from what your meter tells you by adding more light for light-colored subjects or by subtracting light for dark-colored subjects. Take the picture. A handy phrase to help us remember this is: Add light to light, add dark to dark.

The story of dictator

Book title : The Story of dictator

Author : Jules Archer

Publisher : Narasi, Yogyakarta 2005

Thick book : 195 pages

When the dictatorship into reality, the revolution becomes the truth (Anonymous). Nations which choose their own leaders in the name of democracy, independence of time sub duct people. Dictatorship is not the sole legacy system feudal past. In the simple mean dictatorial ruler who can find and get the absolute power of government without the (usually) consider the desire of his people. Dictatorial powers without the control, the more possible the occurrence of abuse of authority (abuse of power), which has more consequences than just not-right time. With the power of life in the dead of hand, the role of a dictator as the highest officials, the judge at once a magnificent commander.

This book relate stories of the century dictator in the 20s, how they achieve power, the means used to maintain power, and how the selected senjakala in their power. This book is very good for us in choosing to study with leaders in democratic find the experience of people in various corners of the world in dealing with the powers that Tirani (absolute).

Communication Process

Communication is the process of delivery of messages by communicator to communicant through the media that cause a certain effect. The process of communication there are two stages, namely Primary and Secondary.

A. The Primary Communication Process

The process of communication is the primary process or the delivery of thought and feeling to someone else using the symbol (symbol) as the media, language, gesture (gesture), hint, image, color, and so forth.

In the process of communication, the media is the most widely used language, as someone able to translate ideas to other people in the form of ideas, information or opinions.

Words contain two types of understanding:

* Denotative that is, words that have meanings as listed in the dictionary or the actual (dictionary meaning)
* Connotative that is, words that have emotional meaning, or contain a specific assessment / metaphorical (or emotional meaning Evaluate)

Languages play an important role in the process of communication. Wilbur Schramm, communications expert in his work "Communication research in the USA" that the communication will be successful if the message delivered by communicators according to the reference frame (frame of reference), blend of experience and understanding of (collection of experiences and meanings) that have been obtained communicants .

B. The Secondary Process Communication

The process of communication in the secondary process is the delivery of messages by someone to another person using the equipment or facilities as a second after the first symbol is used as a medium because it is relatively remote or polynomial. Means that, mail, phone, fax, newspaper, magazine, radio, TV, movies, e-mail, internet, and others because a communicants as target located in relatively remote places.
Thus, the communication connection from the secondary is a primary communication to penetrate dimensional space and time, then up in the symbol-symbol to formulate the content of messages of communication, communicators must consider the characteristics or nature of media that will be used. The determination of the media that will be used as a result of the choice of many alternatives based on the consideration necessary to the communicants will tendencies . Communicants media mail, poster, or billboard with communicants will different newspapers, radio, television, film, or other media. Each media has a specific nature or characteristics of an effective and efficient for use for the delivery of a particular message as well. (Onong Uchjana E. 1984)

Photographic Designs in Nature

Colors
The world is a kaleidoscope of colors - some bright, vivid, neon and dazzling. Some may be soft, subtle and pastel. Colors can capture the attention and hold us with their intensity or move us to tears with their strong emotional qualities. There are seven basic colors (plus black and white) and each affects us differently and represents a variety of symbols.
Red : Red immediately attracts and demands attention. It is used to represent an emergency: fire, ambulances, red cross, blood. Emotionally, it is an exciting color, vibrant and strong, hot and powerful. It radiates energy and vitality.
Orange : As a mixture of red and yellow, orange has the qualities of both colors. Orange is used to symbolize fire and the sun.
Yellow : A bright and warm color, often representative of vitality, yellow attracts attention in its brightest tones. Yellow represents the sun.
Green : Green is the color of spring, grasses, and leaves. It symbolizes nature, growth, and youth. Emotionally, it is a cool and tranquil color, or it may be seen as a healthy, lush color.
Blue : Blue is a cool color. It represents the sky and the water around us. Emotionally, blue is a quiet and peaceful color, but may also be interpreted as lonely. Photographing in shade or late evening or pre-dawn can add a blue color cast to your images.
Indigo – Violet : These colors are commonly referred to as magenta, purple, and lavender. Purple symbolizes power, royalty and richness, possibly because of its rareness in nature. It is found in flowers and leaves, precious stones and in the setting sun on occasion.
White : Often thought of as the absence of color, white is associated with cleanliness, pureness, freshness and innocence. It symbolizes pure light or snow, or clouds, brightness and hope.
Black : Black is a very strong color. We associate black with the dark, shadows, with the unknown and our fear of the unknown. It represents a sense of lifelessness and is found in coal, burned wood, night, and shadows. It can imply mystery, evil, or a threatening and ominous feeling.

Branching
When you first look at a forest, it may seem to be a random tangle of branches and leaves. Continue looking and you will notice some regularity. Follow the path of the trunk of a single tree as it moves upward. Soon a branch will protrude out from the side, then another and another. From that branch will be smaller branches, then smaller ones, leading to twigs and eventually to leaves. Branching is again nature using the shortest possible line to get the greatest amount of coverage.

Fractals
In the mid 1970's, Benoit Mandelbrot, a mathematician at IBM, developed a geometry that could analyze and quantify nature's crags, whorls, billows and branching. He called this new branch of mathematics fractal geometry, taking the name from the Latin adjective fractus, which means "fractured, fragmented or broken". Since then, scientists have used fractals to define order in natural structures that defy analysis.
To fit into this new category of mathematics, a shape must have what Mandelbrot called self similarity. The details must look much like the larger picture. A small part of a cloud has the same kind of swirl or texture as the larger part. Look close or look far away and feel no sensation of size. They all look like clouds.

Texture
Textures give depth and "feeling" to a subject. They are accentuated on flat surfaces by the use of side light and shadow. Look for the play of shadows on surfaces. Watch for the direction of the light and how it creates shapes and lines and forms and adds dimension to your subject.

Case studies in Photography

Burning
In photography is called the burning issues that we often see the results on the shooting. This problem is when the film or image after printing, there is visible in the image of the images are missing because of the additional colors that are not printed on the desired image. The result is like taking something but we have a closed part of the image by color image such as a fire that partially cover the results of our image. This could be due to a leak in the camera in the light into the film that is impermeable in the room light on the camera so that light is recorded by the film and the printed results like that. To avoid this, secure the camera well, avoiding the image on the light is too bright.

Flare
We often encountered in the shooting result of additional colors is not too thick (vaguely) on the image that has been printed. This color can be various, such as red, blue, yellow, and others. In photography terms called Flare (light refraction). This can happen because of the light into the camera lens. The result is an image on a color that is not too thick (vaguely) refraction occurs because light by the camera lens, and then additional colors in the picture. But any photographers sometimes use it to embellish the image so that the results such as effect on the graphical image. To avoid the use of the camera lens.

Few about Composition in Photography

Get your subject out of the center

That's it. No complicated mathematical equation here. Get it out of the center. It's that simple. Most cameras have centered focusing brackets or "targets" in the viewfinder. When the focusing area is in the center of the frame, we tend to aim the "sights" at our target, a.k.a. subject. This is called the Bull's Eye Syndrome.

Getting the subject out of the center of the frame makes for a more interesting picture. Okay, why? Greek artists discovered that the human eye tends to rest on certain points in an image, and they considered this natural movement "the concert of the eye." Imagine a grid in the viewfinder, such as a tic-tac-toe pattern: two lines evenly spaced across and two lines evenly spaced down. Where the lines intersect is where the eye tends to focus. As the grid breaks up the frame into sections of three, this is called The Rule of Thirds. By placing your subject on one of these intersecting points, the eye can look at the center of interest, then feel free to move around the image to look at the rest of the photograph. A sense of movement is created.

The ancient Greeks were passionate lovers of thearts and sciences. They analyzed how we look at art and what makes art interesting or boring. Static, centered subjects keep the eye focused, even trapped, right in the middle. By providing an opportunity for the eye to move around the image, people found the art more interesting.
This movement of the eye is critical to making a boring, tourist shot into something that makes people say "Wow!" Take a moment and look at a picture you have on your wall. Or grab a magazine and just look at some graphic image. Watch the path your eye takes. First it zooms in on something of interest. Then it wanders over here and wanders over there. Does your eye feel locked in one place? Or does it just keep wandering all over the place? Does it zoom to one thing, then bounce to another, and bounce back to the first and back to the second? You feel like you're watching a tennis match. Or does your eye race all over the image, looking at everything and never standing still. After a while, you feel a little seasick, right?
Our eye likes to roam, but it enjoys a good rest once in a while. By putting your subject in one of those four intersections of the rule of thirds, you now offer the eye something to look at and places to roam.

Line it Up on the Horizon

Humans prefer things in their proper places and looking like they should. We have expectations that water runs down, trees grow up and the earth may be a ball but it looks flat from where we stand. Be careful in threatening those expectations.
One of the common expectations often threatened is the rule of a straight horizon. Excited about a beautiful sunset or landscape, we tend to forget to make sure the camera is level along the horizon. A tipped horizon can give a sense of sea sickness. Take time to lined up your horizon with trees growing straight up and the water running down hill, if that is your goal.

Horizontal vs Vertical

The camera has two formats to choose from: horizontal or vertical. The most popular is horizontal. Is it popular because it looks best? No. It’s popular because that is how cameras are made to be held, flat across our faces.

Manufacturers make the tripod screw mount to accommodate that format by putting it on the bottom of the camera body. Is it the best composition? Not always. Tall trees are best photographed vertically. There is a feeling of height and power. Landscapes may look best as a horizontal, but not always. Try both ways to see which you like when you get your film back, then decide. It’s an artistic choice, so use it.

Simplification
Simplify, simplify, simplify. Keep your images simple and they will have a greater strength and artistic concept. Learn to see the distractions and eliminate or minimize them. It is easy to stand there and try to get the whole scene into your picture, but what is the point? Tell us what the story is about by giving us a summary, not the whole book. Go for the simple.

Getting Too Excited

Too often the cougar comes out of the bushes when we aren’t ready to take a picture. Still we grab the camera for a few shots. Then we tell ourselves that even if they don’t turn out, at least we will have recorded what we saw. We get them back to find that we actually saw a blur. It happens. No matter how exciting it is to have a bull moose stride past you, a seasoned photographer learns to prevent getting too excited by understanding how their equipment works, how it sees, and by honing their skills through practice, learning to trust their instincts.

source from
A Basic Nature Photography Workshop
Presented by Brent and Lorelle VanFossen,
for more information you can visit
www.vanfossenpro.com or vanfossen@vanfossenpro.com

Few About Photography

• Journalism Photograpy (Fotografi Jurnalistik)
Journalistic photography is a special photo that displays the photos you have any news value, can be objects, or situations of human life that attract public attention because it as a news event that is able to reveal, explain and raise curiosity.
(Dictionary of Photography Bram nejad essay)

According to the understanding Hick, is a photo journalistic news presented in the form of an image or can be termed as an event that is displayed in the "language" image.

• Wedding Photograpy (Fotografi Pernikahan)
Wedding Photography is a specializes in dedication wedding-momment or event. Necessary for it, we should be understanding photography techniques, lighting and the customs and etiquette wedding.
(Dictionary of Photography Bram nejad essay)

• Architecture Photograpy (Fotografi Arsitektur)
Architectural photography is a specialized branch of photography on the objects of architecture with the documentary approach, and commercial art.
(Dictionary of Photography Bran nejad essay)

Architectural photography is the result of the paper documentation that can show not only the interests of documentation, but also in terms of architectural aesthetics, art, expression, communication, ethics, imagination, reality, emotions, harmony, drama, and the honesty and the dimensions of the lines.
(Ari Purwanting: architect, author, lecturer and housewife)

• Fashion Photograpy (Fotografi Fashion)
Fashion photography is photography that subjugate special photo equipment and clothing. A fashion photographer must be able to integrate with the fashion model to become an image (picture) that harmony.
(Dictionary of Photography Bram nejad essay)

• Aerial Photograpy (Fotografi Udara)
Air photography is special photography shooting air. Can be used for mapping, survey, or the measurement of spatial and agriculture.
(Dictionary of Photography Bram nejad essay)
Air photography is a combination of Wireless Technology, Remote Controlled Flying Ballon and that combined with creativity, experience and innovation in the world of photography services produce air that is capable of shooting up an impression, more value and meaning of a property.
(source: www.dynton.com)

• Fine Art Photograpy (Fotografi Seni)
Fine Art Photography is of photography that is used specifically for the art like the withdrawal canvas and brush.
(Dictionary of Photography Bram nejad essay)

Book Review

Tittle : Instant Hacking
Author : Evfy Zam Kerinci
Published : Gava Media
Year : 2007
Book Bold : 171 pages

Many people who thought when the computer not connected with the significant internet this computer was safe, was not easy to be affected by the virus, etc. All that was wrong, the computer that not connect with the internet was uncertain this computer will be safe both from the crime of humankind and cruel him the virus. In the progress of technology at this time, the other person could infiltrate into the person's other computer easily good this computer connected or not. Why could? So the Hacking activity, if being interpreted freely was significantly Technical Hacking. To be precise, how could someone infiltrate into the person's other computer unbeknownst that the owner of the computer.

This Instant Hacking book presented several normal tricks was carried out hacker and carding in carrying out their activity. Several matters that were given by the writer to the reader among them how to make the virus false and the method him to the person's other computer, how a person carder carried out the activity carding (looked for the credit card) with used enscript available inside file database Comersus, take apart password Windows XP, etc.

Evidently to carry out this activity we might not take part in the course of the security system, took part in the seminar hacking, or even spent the cost that was big to take the Scholar and Certification in the field of IT only to carry out the activity hacking. All could be carried out by you with instant through this book.

Nevertheless this book had the weakness among them the language that was used in the writing of this book was too simple, not all that details so as for them the lay reader would computer knowledge will feel confusion in caught what was untangled by the writer. The other weakness was knowledge that has the reader got from this book it was not impossible to be misused by them who were not responsible.

GLOBALISASI

The GLOBALISASI
Globalisasi UNDERSTANDING not a foreign word for us. In the real life prospect of the globalisation produced many changes that happened. Not only Indonesia that experienced the change from this globalisation but, all the available country in the world also experienced the impact concerning this. The globalisation will bring the meaning just about the concept of “Dunia Tanpa Batas” that at this time was accepted as future reality that will influence the development of the culture and brought the new change. Then, what was meant by the globalisation?

The globalisation was the process where social relations and international quality dependence and between human kind in the world that brought the big change. In other words the globalisation was international breakers of human restraint. So as the globalisation made restraint between the life of the country become very transparent. There was also the other opinion that explained about the understanding from the globalisation personally.

According to A.G. McGrew (1992) the globalisation was the process where various incidents, the decision and the activity in the part of the world that one could bring the important consequences for various individuals and the community in the other part of the world. Where as according to Wilkipedia Encyclopedia, globalisation was a term that was used to explain changes in the community (changes) and in the economy of the world that was produced by increased by the speed of the trade and the exchange of culture. In a sense economics, the globalisation referred especially in liberalisa the trade or free trade (free trade).

From this Wilkipedia understanding meant the globalisation was very big his influence on the economy of the country. And now whether the globalisation also was influential towards the life of politics in available countries in this world?


The Globalosation influence of politic changes
Anthony Giddens, there was several influences of politics that became the strength of the motivator behind the increase in the globalisation. Like the collapse of communism in the style of Soviet through a series of dramatic revolution in Eastern Europe in 1989, that klimaks in the Soviet Union closing down personally to 1991. since the fall of communism, countries in the former Soviet block, among them Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Hungary, Republik Czech Republic, Baltic, Kaukakus and Asian-center, and many others that were other, moved to the side of sitem economics and politics in an Western style. At the same moment the Chinese communist country began to be open against the capitalist. Did the globalisation only affect the communist country then? How with Indonesian?

The Indonesian nation, as in the case of other nations in this globalisation period, could not avoid his swift flow the complexity of the change (the innovation) as resulting from sophisticated him information technology, the telecommunications and the transport. The globalisation also influenced changes towards the life of politics in Indonesia among them:

• The spreading of the values of West politics good directly or indirectly in the form of the demonstration, the increasingly brave demonstration and occasionally “ignore the interesting”.

• Increasingly faded him the values of politics were based on the spirit of familiarity, the conference and the co-operation system.

• Increasingly the strengthening of the values of politics was based on the individual spirit, the group, the opposition, the dictator of the majority or minority tyranny.

• The transparency, akuntability, and professional in the implementation of the government of the country (positions of the public) increasingly received the focus from various elements of the community.

• Even more births of the political party, the organisation or the Non-governmental Organisation of the non-government (the NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION) that to “sponsor” the certain interests by expressing human rights, legal supremacy,democratisation, the environment, etc.
  

In facing the change resulting from this globalisation, the president also spoke in the speech on politics country, “MEMPERINGATI HARI LAHIR PANCASILA”, in Jakarta Convention Center on June 1 2006, “the smart nation in the globalisation era, not the nation that continued to complain, surrendered, and angry, but the nation that cleverly could channel sources of welfare that was available in the global arena. Technology, capital, information, that finally had been used by us by being good for increased our welfare, increased our interests. Often was said by me, don’t be a loser, don't want to be the person who lost. Let's become the winner, to be a winner in the globalisation set”.

Book Review

Book Title : Hip-Hop Perlawanan dari Ghetto

Author : Afrika Bambaataa & His Brothas
Publisher : Alinea, Yogyakarta 2005
Bold Books : 240 pages

Afrika Bambaataa was born with the name of Kevin Donovan on 10 April 1960 in the South Bronx, New York. For more than 30 years, Bambaataa has proven success to hip-hop revolution. He is also very affecting scene electric / dance and help the culture of the more advanced nowadays. During its early years, play a musical instrument Bam trumpet and piano. Ago he became leader one of the most group in New York the Black Spades. At 1976, he began to expand hobbies in music, from rock to R & B, from mainstream to underground. DJ Afrika Bambaataa became famous in the Bronx in 1977.

"Hip-hop culture means the entire movement. When you talk concerning rap, then rap is part of hip-hop culture. Rap is MC-ing. DJ-ing is part of hip-hop culture. Breakdancing, b-boys, b-girls, your act, walk, top, and talk is all part of hip-hop culture. Hip-hop music is made of people-black, brown, yellow, red, made from any grant that the spirit of " it is the definition of hiphop is said Afrika Bambaataa. Hip-hop...chemical elements that come from Jamaica. That definition is said DJ Kool Herc a DJ who came from Jamaica. Davey D a hip-hop historian, journalist, DJ and activist social says "hip-hop that is a form of art that include DJ-ing (cuttin 'and scratchin'), MC-ing or rappin ', breakdancing, and graffiti art." As we know at this time that hip-hop scene comes from the South Bronx, New York around the mid-1970s. Hip-hop culture with the same movement. Elements in hip-hop culture is rap (MC-ing), DJ-ing, breakin', and graffiti that is currently known as the 4 elements of hip-hop.

Graffiti


Breakin' (b-boys / b-girls)

DJ (turntablelism)

MC (rappin)

This book has many definitions of culture hip-hop. Be discussed about the origin of hip-hop began to appear, anything about hip-hop culture, history and the emergence of graffiti breakin’ and to become part of hip-hop culture. This book is very well read by anybody, children, adolescents, parents, they who wish to dive in the world hip-hop. This book is also erasing views of those who say that hip-hop music is one of the class, only for the bourgeoisie, and those who move in it must have a bling-bling (necklace, ring, earrings or other accessories body shimmer from the jewel diamond, gold, or any high value). This book also provides a description of those who discriminate of this music genre to become musicians who are able.

Background dance "Ajat Temuai Datai"

"Ajat Temuai Datai" lifted from the Dayak Mualang (Ibanic Group), which can not be defined, because there is a gaffe if defined word by word. But is meant a dance to welcome guests, aims to welcome the big guests or visitors.

Early birth of this art from the period pengayauan (war), among groups of Dayak tribes. Mengayau, derived from the word me-ngayau, which means that the enemy (Dayak Iban language). But if mengayau contain the special action of a group looking for other ways to attack and behead lawannya. In the Dayak community in the past mualang the hero who returned from pengayauan and win the war and bring proof of a human head, is a guest who is considered a noble and a man who is able to become heroes for the group. Therefore created a ceremony "Ajat Temuai Datai". Dayak community to believe that someone in the head save a life force or spirit that can protect the owner and his group.

According to J. U. Lontaan (Customary Law and Customs of West Kalimantan in 1974), there are four goals in mengayau namely : to protect agriculture, to get additional power of the soul, for vengeance, and as the resistance of a building. After getting the results from mengayau, the hero can not enter the village area, but with the way in providing sign language Dayak Mualang called Nyelaing (Dayak special shout) that says "Heeih!", as many as seven times that means that heroes come home and win and get in pengayauan the opponent is still fresh. If the scream is only three times means that the victors win in the war or mengayau but fell victim in side. If the only means that once the hero does not get anything, and not held a special reception. After providing a sign nyelaing, the soldier send envoys to meet the head or the head in order to prepare the tribes event reception.

Welcome this process, namely through three innings: Ngiring Temuai (guides accompany guests or guests) to the fore Rumah Panjai (home for a long stage) ngiring temuai process is done with the dancing and how dance is called Tari Ajat (reception). Then the chieftain Beras Kuning (rice mixed with lavish turmeric / yellow rice) and read the message or incantation as a requirement to invite Senggalang Burong (sacred bird / birds to sent advice or message to Lord (Petara)).
The second phase of Mancung Buloh (cut with saber or cleaver to decide bamboo), bamboo means deliberately cover entrance to the house panjai and the guests must decide to cut his mandau, bamboo as a symbol of freedom from obstacles that impede the travel of delegates.

The third phase is Nijak Batu (set his foot to touch a stone soaked in water that has been prepared), as a symbol of strong determination and dignity big-guests as the patriarch of a hero. Water on stone dropped on the front of the head as a symbol of strength and spirit of the rock hero by big-guest or greeted guests. Fourth round of Tama 'Bilik (entering the house panjai).
After a procession through the round over, the guests are allowed to ride home with a long cleanse themselves in a ritual called Mulai Burung (to restore the spirit of war and drive out evil spirits).

just to share knowledge...

for which you want to speed up internet connection, you can follow the trick below...
to the experts this may not be useful, yaaa...i just one of newbie...

in Internet Explorer
Select the menu Tools - Options
click the Connections tab,
click the LAN Settings button,
enable "use a proxy server", then click Advanced,
sock in the fields and fill in localhost port 9999 with the contents
on the exceptions (Do not use proxy server for addresses beginning with:)
fill with 127.0.0.1; 192.168.1.1/16
then click ok

in Firefox
Select the menu Edit - Preferences,
click the Advanced icon,
click the Network tab,
click the Settings button,
click on manual proxy configuration
Sock in the fields fill in host localhost and port 9999 with the contents
in the no proxy for the content of the localhost, 127.0.0.1; 192.168.1.1/16
then click ok

next...
Mozilla Firefox for the user you can type "about: config" in the address bar, then change "network.http.pipelining" and "network.http.proxy pipelining" to "true", and the contents "network.http.pipelining.maxrequests” between 30-100 (gede better). The last right-click anywhere and select New-> Integer, enter "nglayout.initialpaint.delay" then fill in with 0.
For Internet Explorer users, you can select the Tools menu, then click Internet Options. then select the General tab and on the "Temporary Internet files" click on Settings and move the slider to its position in the Temporary Internet files folder. This will increase the cache or the location of storage sites that you have open. Instead fill in with a value of at least 5 person capacity of your hard disk.

thank you...
for suggestions and critics praise damn prizes and taxes or anything...
send e-mail to smaLL-t@plasa.com